Around 1500 BCE, herbalism was a key component of ancient witchcraft and spiritual practices. The use of plants for both medicinal and magical purposes was widespread, with certain herbs believed to possess protective, healing, or even transformative properties. Ancient civilizations, such as the Egyptians, Babylonians, and Celts, relied heavily on herbal remedies to treat ailments, ease pain, and maintain general health. Herbs like garlic, juniper, myrrh, and sage were used in rituals, potions, and healing practices, often thought to carry spiritual energy that could influence the natural and supernatural realms. This was integral to ancient witchcraft, intertwining medicinal and magical practices. In this era, certain plants were revered for their protective and healing properties. Herbs such as mugwort and sage were commonly utilized in rituals aimed at promoting health or warding off malevolent forces (Berman, 2024). This dual role of herbs reflects a profound understanding of nature's potential that characterized early witchcraft practices.